.. _DisplayTechnologies:

Display Technologies
====================

Systems differ in terms of their hardware, typically:

* Optical see through, head-mounted: e.g. Microsoft Hololens

.. raw:: html

    <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/aYdB2xBNFek" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

OK, so that was a sales pitch. But is it any use for guiding surgery?

* Optical see through, external: e.g. Operating microscope

Here Brainlab Arveo integrates flourescence imaging with optics.

.. raw:: html

    <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/PmLIB_KPPdw" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

* AR Windows: e.g. Semi-transparent mirror
* Video see through, head-mounted: e.g. ultrasound in virtual reality glasses
* Monitor based: e.g. fixed video camera, overlay, or laparoscopic/endoscopic
* Calibrated medical devices: e.g. Navab C-arm + Video
* Direct projection: IRCAD, Luc Soleur

These examples can be found in [Sielforst2008]_, and [Nicolau2011]_, and described in this video:

.. raw:: html

    <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ilPIQQDLApY" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>


Other Technologies
==================

While visual augmentation is the dominant modality, there are others to consider:

* Haptic augmentation: [Stetten2011]_
* Auditory augmentation: [Black2017]_