8.2. Display Technologies

Systems differ in terms of their hardware, typically:

  • Optical see through, head-mounted: e.g. Microsoft Hololens

OK, so that was a sales pitch. But is it any use for guiding surgery?

  • Optical see through, external: e.g. Operating microscope

Here Brainlab Arveo integrates flourescence imaging with optics.

  • AR Windows: e.g. Semi-transparent mirror

  • Video see through, head-mounted: e.g. ultrasound in virtual reality glasses

  • Monitor based: e.g. fixed video camera, overlay, or laparoscopic/endoscopic

  • Calibrated medical devices: e.g. Navab C-arm + Video

  • Direct projection: IRCAD, Luc Soleur

These examples can be found in [Sielforst2008], and [Nicolau2011], and described in this video:

8.3. Other Technologies

While visual augmentation is the dominant modality, there are others to consider: